An urgent case request is an application to expedite a person's Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) claim. It is done in order to secure temporary SSDI payments. If a person's disability falls into a list of known disabilities that mean automatic qualification for SSDI, that person may apply under an urgent case request.
An urgent case request is done to get the applicant a temporary SSDI payment set up while the paperwork is processed on their claim. The Social Security Administration holds a list of disabilities that immediately gain approval and this is the basis for the urgent case request.