The elements (of a case) refers to the components that make up a cause of action or a legal claim. In order to win a case, the Plaintiff must prove all the components of their claim. The elements of a case will vary depending on the actual type of case.
The following are the components of a contract breach claim: a valid contract, plaintiff performed their part as per the contract, defendant did not perform as per the contract, and due to this plaintiff has suffered a loss. In order to win a lawsuit, plaintiff must prove all the elements of their legal claim.